- 27/05/2024
- Category: Commentaries
Author : Sherlly Rossa
Editor : Iradat Wirid
Population administration data (adminduk) should be information that can be accessed by all layers of society. Moreover, adminduk data plays an important role in sustainable development programs. Indonesia, with its diverse population, often faces challenges in the effectiveness of providing access to demographic data[1]. The Ombudsman of Republic Indonesia has received various complaints from the public[2]. For example, in 2020, The Ombudsman of East Jawa received 408 complaints regarding administrative malpractices. Citizens complained about rampant extortion and the excessively long process of making ID Cards, train up to 10 days[3]. Delays can lead to queues piling up. Similar cases have also occurred in Surabaya[4] and Bogor regency[5].
Recently, the government has begun introducing administrative services through the Population Administration Information System (SIAK) to enhance services effectiveness. Data recorded in SIAK will be processed and organized into ID Number (NIK) by the central government that will turn into ID Card[6]. This article will outline the government’s efforts to improve digital-based administrative and population services through ongoing innovations being developed in several regions.
Challenges in Adminduk and Accelerating Solutions
There are two challenges regarding adminduk registration in public services. First, population administrative services (adminduk) have shifted from documents that process physically into digital documents utilizing technology and the internet[7]. This shift emerged after the government established Presidential instruction (Inpres) Number 3 of 2003 concerning the Policy and National Strategy for E-Government Development, which influenced government bureaucracy. The development efforts of e-government are reinforced by Regulation of the Minister PAN-RB Number 5 of 2019 concerning Public Services Innovation within Ministers/Institutions, Local Governments, State-Owned Enterprises, and Regional-Owned Enterprises, which encourage the creation of public services innovations in each region. The adminduk sector becomes a strategic sector in population database administration matters within SIAK (Population Administration Information System).
SIAK will utilize NIK as dara identification for each component regarding identity, civil registration, and biometrics. As reported on the Ministry Home Affairs Directorate Adminduk website[8], NIK has become the validation key in all public service programs for regional users. Moreover, the utilization of databases along with local government information systems in regencies/cities is currently integrated with the online SIAK in each sub-district and connected to the central population data center at the Directorate General of Adminduk through Dial VPN[9]. Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 61 of 2015 concerning Requirements, Scope, and Procedures for Granting Access Right and Utilization of ID Number, Population Data, and Electronic ID Cards also strengthens permissions for Regent/Mayor to utilize population data access. The utilization of population data by user institutions at the regency.city level must use a data warehouse application built by the Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration (Disdukcapil).
Second, adminduk data needs to be periodically updated to maintain the integration and integrity of available data. Adminduk documents include Family Cards (KK), ID Card (KTP), Birth Certificates, Child Identity Cards (KIA), Death Certificates, and other document certified by Disdukcapil. Moreover, KK is often used as identification for school administrative requirements, banking, and government aid program enrollment. KK contains data such as addresses, occupations, birth years, and material status that potentially change over time. Therefore, this data needs to be updated based on the current situation—for example, when receiving aid, the government has the latest data so that the assistance program can be targeted accurately.
These conditions are related to optimizing the services received by the public from the utilization of population data to improve the quality of public services, research, and development planning. Digital-based adminduk system innovations such as integrated SIAK are expected to enhance the effectiveness of public services. Specifically, the utilization of SIAK[10] is expanding, such as using data for (1) the legislative elections in 2014 through KPU DAK2 and DP4; identifying unknown bodies in the Air Asia plane crash; and (3) integrating TNP2K data (National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction).
Exploring Adminduk Innovations in Tulungagung and Nganjuk Regencies
Disdukcapil Tulungagung Regency is one of the regions that innovates in population administrative services by utilizing available databases. Through the Pandu Cakil (Administrasi Kependudukan Cepat Akurat Terintegrasi) application, residents of Tulungagung Regency can process Family Cards (KK), ID Card (KTP), birth certificates, and other documents online[11]. People can access this application to request administrative services. Subsequently, for processing and printing, it can be done at sub-district offices, village offices, and district offices. Consequently, people can save time and costs by obtaining their population documents at the nearest services office. However, specifically for printing Child Identity Card (KIA), can only be done at the Disdukcapil Tulungagung Regency.
Meanwhile, the Nganjuk Regency Government has launched an innovative product form Communication and Information Agency (Diskominfo) in the form of website named www.sedudo.kabnganjuk.go.id to optimize population services that are easy, fast, free, dan non-discriminatory [12]. The operation of this website owned by Nganjuk Regency Government can be accessed down to the village government level to carry out its operations. Trayang Village, Ngronggot Sub-District, has implemented 23 types of adminduk services manually or online. There are three types of online services provided through the website, namely mutation request and the masking of Family Cards (KK), ID Card (KTP), and birth certificates. The integrated website innovation in Nganjuk Regency can also be applied to other regions, especially in terms of integrating population databases so that public services will run optimally.
Both database processing in Tulungagung and Nganjuk Regency face almost similar challenges, namely in terms of human resources. Websites and applications that have been created can only be operated by a few people within their bureaucratic system. Since its launch in 2021, the Pandu Cakti website has processed 442.929 applications to date[13]. Meanwhile, the Sedudo website has been accessed by 74.374 users, with the hights number of applicants requesting Family Card (KK) reaching 123,495 people[14].
This means that the government, which has offered online public services, must be prepared for all consequences of the digital transformation that will occur. Online public services are expected to increase public awareness to effectively and efficiently process their population administration in terms of time, place, and other costs. Therefore innovations in the form of websites and applications are also expected to provide a consistent sustainability effect in their implementation and maintenance, not just running within a specific leadership period.
Reference
[1] Zica, T. D., & Fanida, E. H. (2022). Inovasi Pelayanan Administrasi Kependudukan (ADMINDUK) Melalui Aplikasi Administrasi Kependudukan Cepat Akurat Terintegrasi (PANDU CAKTI) Di Kantor Dispendukcapil Kabupaten Tulungagung. Publika, 487-498.
[2]ibid.
[3]ibid.
[4]Pratami, M., Ranbilal, R., Wahyudin, C., & Salbiah, E. (2023). Strategi Inovasi Pelayanan Perubahan Data Kartu Keluarga Berbasis Online. Karimah Tauhid, 2(1), 60-75.
[5]ibid.
[6]Hastuti, S. H. D. (2020). Pentingnya pemanfaatan data kependudukan di era digital. TEKNIMEDIA: Teknologi Informasi Dan Multimedia, 1(1), 18-21.
[7]Witri, M. G. (2022). Digitalisasi Pelayanan: Adopsi Inovasi Pelayanan Administrasi Kependudukan Dan Catatan Sipil Berbasis Website. ULIL ALBAB: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(6), 1811-1826.
[9] Hastuti, S. H. D. (2020). Pentingnya pemanfaatan data kependudukan di era digital. TEKNIMEDIA: Teknologi Informasi Dan Multimedia, 1(1), 18-21.
[10] ibid.
[11] Zica, T. D., & Fanida, E. H. (2022). Inovasi Pelayanan Administrasi Kependudukan (ADMINDUK) Melalui Aplikasi Administrasi Kependudukan Cepat Akurat Terintegrasi (PANDU CAKTI) Di Kantor Dispendukcapil Kabupaten Tulungagung. Publika, 487-498.
[12]Witri, M. G. (2022). Digitalisasi Pelayanan: Adopsi Inovasi Pelayanan Administrasi Kependudukan Dan Catatan Sipil Berbasis Website. ULIL ALBAB: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(6), 1811-1826.
[13] https://panducakti-dukcapil.tulungagung.go.id/
[14]https://sedudo.nganjukkab.go.id/landing_page/statistik.php
